The Ethereum Virtual Machine is a code operating environment built on the Ethereum blockchain. The contract code can be completely isolated from the outside and run inside the EVM. Its main function is to process smart contracts in the Ethereum system. T

The essential difference between different zero-knowledge proof algorithms lies in the different degrees of computational agency. Although a high degree of agency will make the calculation of the verification easier, it may make the proof more complex, r

The zero-knowledge proof technology in cryptography has a wide range of applications in the Web3 world, including private computing, zkRollup, and so on.

If cryptographers do not discover the connection between Tensor Product and polynomial values, it will be difficult for the polynomial commitment protocol Brakedown to appear, and it will be impossible to produce new fast algorithms such as Brakedown-bas

This article sorts out the specific process of the sum-check protocol, discusses the complexity of the protocol, and demonstrates its application in many proof systems.

Layer 3 is a great engineering innovation of the Ethereum expansion ecosystem. If the emergence of Layer 2 solves the problem of general-purpose expansion, then the emergence of Layer 3 solves the problem of higher speed, lower cost, and customized expan

Zero-knowledge proof is undoubtedly one of the most innovative technologies in the Web3 field, and zero-knowledge proof also provides an excellent technical means to build trustless products.