Blockchain games have always been a popular track in the blockchain field. As the narrative of play to earn gradually declines, the narrative of the blockchain game track has shifted from Gamefi chain games to full-chain games. Since it is in the early stage, everyone is not familiar with the full-chain game. Very little is known about chain games. When I first came across the term full-chain game, I couldn’t help but have some questions in my mind. Here are nine of the most common questions and answers.

What is a full-chain game?

Fully On Chain Game refers to putting all behavioral interactions and target states in the game on the chain, that is, the core game logic and economic model are processed through the blockchain, and the blockchain is used as the server of the game. All player operations are completed through interaction with smart contracts, and even the narrative and governance of the game are decentralized in the form of DAO.

The most essential difference from the Gamefi chain game we are familiar with is that Gamefi chain game only puts some digital assets on the chain, and the game logic, data and game status are all stored on the centralized server.

What are the characteristics of full-chain games?

1. A decentralized game world open to everyone: Full-chain games eliminate dependence on centralized servers and make game logic completely on-chain.

2. No trust required and verifiable: Since the game logic and data are stored on the blockchain, the game rules and status are transparent to everyone. Using zero-knowledge proof zkSNARK, every behavioral interaction taken by the player will generate a zero The knowledge proof (ZKP) will be submitted to the game backend, and the backend will pass a password to verify whether it follows the game logic, and ZKP will not leak the players behavioral interaction information, thus hiding the players information.

3. Once on the chain, run forever: Since the game status and logic are stored on the blockchain, the full-chain game has high sustainability. Even if the original developer of the game no longer supports the game, as long as this chain is still there, the game can still continue to run and develop hundreds of years later.

4. Rely on the community: Full-chain games realize community-driven development and governance through smart contracts and DAO. This allows the game to better adapt to player needs and market changes, extending the games life cycle and increasing its appeal.

5. Open collaboration and player creation make the game iterate and evolve faster: open source code and open systems promote open collaboration among individuals, players’ creative vitality will be fully released, and UGC content will be more diverse and richer , a more exquisite gaming experience.

What is the comparison between traditional games, Gamefi chain games and full-chain games?

We temporarily divide games into three categories, namely traditional games that do not require blockchain intervention at all, GameFi chain games with only some assets on the chain, and full-chain games that are fully chained.

Here we compare two aspects separately.

• The content depth of the game: First of all, let’s talk about the conclusion. The current content depth of full-chain games is far less than that of chain games Gamefi, let alone traditional games. Traditional games have experienced thirty years of development, and in terms of game content, they are unmatched by chain games that have just been developed for a few years. Since Axie Infinity exploded in 2018, after several years of development, Gamefi chain games have developed from casual games similar to traditional games to 3A chain games. The game content has become more and more abundant, and with the development of some traditional games Professional teams join in, and the content depth gradually moves closer to traditional games, while full-chain games generally only have a world view, and are mostly game-based strategic gameplay. The depth of content is far inferior to the first two, and in terms of art, Still in the pixel stage and not expected to change for a long time.

• Economic model: In traditional games, since in-game assets are released on centralized servers, the main attraction for users is the rich gaming experience. There is a complex internal economic system in the game, but basically it can only be recharged and cannot be withdrawn, unless it is done on an off-site platform. trade. Gamefi chain game releases NFT and token economic models to encourage all participants to jointly maintain a complex economic incentive system, reduce the difficulty of investment and financing, and shorten the cost recovery cycle. Full-chain games depend on the self-selection of the project. There are basically no chain games that do not issue tokens, but there are not many full-chain games that issue tokens. Most full-chain game rules basically do not have a token system in the setting of the rules, and the team also hopes Focusing on gameplay exploration, it is relatively difficult for participants to create an economic model and gain recognition. The result is that the speculative purpose of Fi is filtered out, making participating players purer.

How is the current full-chain game ecosystem?

Full-chain games currently have fewer active ecological users. Since full-chain games are on different blockchains and are in their early stages, no specific ecological data can be found yet. Lets take the most famous project Dark Forest as an example. From the official blog, we can see that there are about 600 participants in each round of the game, generating 250,000 transactions. Of course, the number of people is relatively small, and there is a reason why you need to obtain an official invitation code to participate in the game. .

At present, most of the popular projects in the full-chain game ecosystem are based on Ethereums Layer 2 and Starknet. Game engines Mud and Dojo are built on Ethereum and Starknet to facilitate game development, such as LootRealms based on Dojo, space strategy MMO chain game Influence , the game Topology based on the three-body story, etc.

What projects should players interested in full-chain games focus on?

Dark Forest：

Game introduction:

Dark Forest is an MMO space battle game launched in July 2020. The original proposer and founder of the idea isGubsheep, he was impressed by the dark forest theory described by Liu Cixin, so he came up with the idea of ​​creating a dark forest in an encrypted world. Once it was launched, it attracted the attention of many geeks, and Buterin once tweeted about Amway.

Players can receive invitation codes on the official website or Discord to participate in the game. The game adopts a game-round mechanism for several months. It has now entered the fifth round. The official limit is the number of participants in each round of the game. There are about 500 participants in each round of the game. . The project mainly focuses on game experience and has not issued coins.

Gameplay:

In the Dark Forest, players will be born in randomly generated Odailies and gain more energy and vision by conquering other Odailies. The universe where the player is located will continue to generate and expand, and computing power is needed to clear away the fog of war. Before all the fog of war is cleared, players don’t know each other’s opponent’s cards. The player may be attacked by other players, but if he does not explore the territory of the attacking party, he has no way of knowing who the attack came from and what the strength of the enemy is.

social media:

The current official Twitter has 26,000 followers. There were not many people participating in the interaction, and it was mainly the internal projects in the ecosystem that retweeted each other.

Related Links:

Dark Forest Blog:https://blog.zkga.me/v4-recap

Dark Forest official website:https://zkga.me/

Loot Realms：

Game introduction:

On August 27, 2021, Loot set off a wave of text NFT craze in the crypto circle. 8,000 NFTs were sold out within 4 hours. The simple 8 lines of text left the community with great room for imagination and development. Investors are building projects based on Loot NFT, and Loot Realms is one of them.

Initially, Realms was built on Arbitrums test network Rinkeby, and was later successfully migrated to Starknet in December 21.

Gameplay:

The initial assets issued by Realms are 8,000 Realm NFT plots, which are a series of kingdom city-states. Each Realm NFT has its own unique geographical location: they are either cities or regions, or adjacent to rivers or ports; each one Realms are rich in different mineral resources. There are a total of 22 different combinations of Resources, and the quantity (scarcity) of each resource is different.

Tribes can gather armies to attack each other and plunder resources. The victor will receive 50% of the losers treasury. In order to protect and expand their own territories, lords can lead armies to attack other territories. Each army is equipped with 25 warriors. , different skill values ​​(agility, aggression, defense value, vitality, intelligence) determine who can win when two teams fight.

Asset market conditions:

The current market price of Realms NFT is 0.3052 ETH. Affected by the recent NFT market, the price is at a low level.

The native Token $LORDS, in addition to its governance function, mainly serves as a trading medium for various assets, props and equipment in the game;

Current $LORDS 0.09618, market cap $4,892,785;

LORDS tokens are also released through Reamls NFT staking and later in-game mechanisms. Among them, Reamls NFT staking will release 10% of the total supply and is also the main source of early circulation tokens. The first 10 Epochs will release 625 per Realm per week. x $LORDS , and gradually decreases over time.

The release ratio of later in-game mechanisms is 57.5%, which will be released within 2-5 years. The specific details will be adjusted based on the supply and demand of later games. Other components include Bibliotheca Treasury (22.5%), LP incentive (5%) and developer fund (5%) releases.

social media:

The current official Twitter has 13,000 followers. Similar to Dark Forest, there are not many people participating in the interaction, mainly project progress updates and ecological content retweets.

Related Links:

LootRealms official Twitter:https://twitter.com/LootRealms

Is the development of full-chain games inevitable or another false demand?

Full-chain games are inevitable for development. Why do you say this? The narrative of Gamefi fell silent after reaching its climax on STEPN. The practice of the narrative of chain games with some assets on the chain in this cycle has made people put a big question mark on its future development. The field of blockchain games urgently needs a new narrative. Full-chain games have not been widely accepted by users after the launch of Dark Forest in 2020. The main problem is that the infrastructure is not perfect enough. Therefore, chain games with some assets on the chain have become popular. In the next cycle, as the infrastructure becomes more and more perfect, the future of full-chain games is worth looking forward to. The full-chain game in 2023 is very similar to Defi in 2019, with early deployment ushering in the outbreak of Defi summer in 2020. With the development of infrastructure, more and more complex applications on the chain like full-chain games will appear, and the narrative of full-chain games is enough to support the narrative of the grand Autonomous World. Generally speaking, this is A very good word, it covers many things, including games, NFT, Defi, and DAO, because AW also needs governance and a financial system. It is also in line with Ethereum’s vision of developing a Network state, which is a very grand project. narrative.

The dilemma of the whole chain game?

Although full-chain games have good potential, they are still facing a series of challenges. The underlying infrastructure mainly includes chains and corresponding development tools. The impact on games is reflected in delays, costs and iteration issues.

• Latency: As mentioned before, multiplayer online games are often very sensitive to network latency and stability, and a large number of high-frequency transaction processing have very high performance requirements for the blockchain;

• Cost: The cost includes the development cost of the game and the players on-chain interaction cost. Since the industry is still very early, mature web3 game engines such as UE and Unity have not yet appeared, which makes the initial workload of developing full-chain games even greater. big. Since all transactions on the chain require payment of mining fees, when entering highly interactive scenarios such as games, this fee often becomes a burden for players, especially in a context where the current concepts of deposits and withdrawals and wallets still need to be simplified. Down;

• Iteration: The non-tamperable nature of the chain undoubtedly brings fairness and decentralization, but it also poses certain challenges to code iteration. Developers need to audit their own code extremely carefully to ensure that there are no loopholes and The game logic is correct, which is still a relatively labor-intensive thing for any slightly larger game.

Everything has two sides, just as centralization means efficiency but also monopoly, and while complete decentralization brings freedom, it may also bring chaos.

The first is the narrative level. The free narrative framework and non-threshold UGC content do give the content a broader boundary, but when anyone can participate in the act of narration, the quality of the content is bound to be uneven. On the one hand, the advancement of the overall narrative will reduce efficiency due to the communitys screening and review of content; on the other hand, when a large number of narrative branches appear, it will blur and distract attention from high-quality content, making the focus of community members Falling into chaos will take longer to establish a corresponding consensus.

In addition to the aforementioned challenges in experience and mechanism design, the economic model also needs to be considered from a new perspective. When the game is put as a whole on the chain, the maximum openness and composability of the economic system is indeed achieved, but at the same time it also requires This means that the ability to control the games economic system is almost completely lost, which will bring considerable changes to the development of the game.

How will the future develop?

Future full-chain games will give birth to many innovative core gameplays, and may provide design inspiration for DeFi and even traditional games; because the development and operation entities and managers can be separated, the assets of full-chain games can be realized in a true sense. ownership; the life cycle of full-chain games that have the opportunity to be separated from development and operation entities may be more closely integrated with DAO governance; and one day, when the development engines and packages of full-chain games are mature enough, ordinary players may also be able to Have the opportunity to use them to realize your own unique ideas.

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