Evelan Interpretation of IPFS Penalty Mechanism and Stable Storage
On December 16, 2020, Evelan was invited to participate in the live interview of "Shensuan Master Talk" exclusively supported by World Chain Finance and hosted by independent investor Nicholas. Facing users, Evelan briefly answered IPFS penalties from a technical perspective Several issues that users are most concerned about, such as mechanism and stable storage. Next, let's take a look at how Evelan explains in simple terms to answer our questions.
Q1: Under what circumstances will nodes on the Filecoin chain be punished by the system?
Evelan said that the original Filecoin white paper has already stated that there will be penalties for ineffective participation in mining. At the same time, all nodes are trying to avoid being punished by the system during the previous space test, but there are still many nodes because of new joins or previous experience. Insufficient and punished, and many nodes were punished for ignoring a certain link in the process of participating in mining, in all aspects. The official punishment mechanism currently designed by Filecoin has 5 major points, but this classification is relatively general, which is not conducive to miners' understanding.
The following is an interview with Evelan starting from the actual application scenario, mainly explaining the following punishment mechanisms:
1. Punishment for miners who privately pack messages on the chain
After the mainnet went live, the punishment for miners’ private packing already existed. The punishment at that time was to confiscate the proceeds of block explosion due to private packing (about 14FIL). After the upgrade of version 1.2.2, the punishment has been upgraded. The miner who forces the packaged message to be uploaded to the chain without permission will face a penalty of 3 times the FIL of the explosive block, and if the user account balance is insufficient, it will be deducted from the effective wallet of the miner. It can be seen that the official The tolerance for cheating is decreasing.
On the whole, if the miners do not package truthfully, what they will face is not a reduction in income, nor a small fine, but a situation of negative income. This puts forward higher requirements for the technical level of the miners. Or nodes with substandard technology are likely to be out because they cannot afford this expenditure.
This also explains why before the 1.2.2 version upgrade, many manufacturers privately packaged messages to upload to the chain, although this situation has been greatly reduced after the upgrade. However, in order to increase the gas fee, some nodes deliberately do not pack it for other miners. This phenomenon still exists even now. Evelan believes that, in fact, the increase in Gas fees can also be regarded as an invisible penalty.
2. Penalties due to unstable computing power
Filecoin provides safe, stable, efficient and cheap storage for global users. The computing power of all miners continues to work hard for this goal. In order to realize the long-term vision of IPFS, and because the main purpose of distributed storage is storage, if entrusted users To store data in a node, the node must guarantee the security and availability of the data, and all punishments for the failure of miners' computing power in the Filecoin mechanism are more worthy of attention.
At this time, the penalty in terms of computing power can be divided into the following types:
One is that the computing power of the node drops and a failure occurs. Once a sector fails, the Filecoin main chain will charge a certain fault maintenance fee for the node, and there is a difference between active and passive fault maintenance: after the miner loses computing power, he will actively report to the Filecoin main chain, and the Filecoin main chain will charge the miner for the fault Maintenance fee; if a miner loses computing power and is discovered by the system through passive inspection, the punishment will be more severe, and the node will be charged a sector failure fee and a sector detection fee on the chain.
Another example is the long-term loss of computing power caused by equipment damage. In this case, the penalty will be long-term. For example, if the sector failure has not been recovered within 14 days, the punishment will be extremely harsh, and the miner can be deducted up to 90 days of block rewards. It can be seen that the punishment imposed on the instability of computing power is a very serious punishment mechanism, which also shows that Filecoin officials attach great importance to the stability of storage.
To sum up, the Filecoin penalty mechanism can also be divided into: one isPenalized for self-packing, the other is due toData loss and reduced computing power are punished. Even after the version upgrade, cheating on the chain still exists. For example, in the case of "double mining (double block explosion in the same time period)", assuming that a node performs double mining within 6 hours, the penalty it faces is 17 The miner node cannot burst blocks within hours. If the cheating situation is worse and causes serious impact or more complaints, according to the description in the white paper, the miner will face the result of confiscating all pledged coins and clearing all computing power, which is very strict. .
Q2: What strategies did the Shensuan mining pool adopt in order to prevent being punished?
Divine calculation pool mainly fromMake an overall overall plan for software, hardware and data storage, to ensure the rationality of the overall system architecture and prevent punishment.
1. First of all, in terms of software, time and space must be guaranteed to prove that each submission is valid and successful. Shensuan mining pool makes three space-time proofs at the same time through the network cluster. As long as one of the proofs can be uploaded to the chain the fastest, the successful submission of the space-time proof can be guaranteed, which greatly improves the success rate of message packaging and uploading to the chain.
2. In terms of hardware, Shensuan mining pool has a complete industrial manufacturing foundation and industry-leading technical support. Its Shensuan series of professional mining machines have high efficiency, small space, large capacity, high security and easy maintenance. The most important It has a relatively complete hardware architecture in the industry, and it can be proved in a timely and effective manner even when the amount of data is too large, which is extremely powerful.
3. Data storage security. Storage is an industry that attaches great importance to high security, and disks may be damaged. How to accept a certain fault tolerance rate and achieve relative overall security is very critical. Shensuan Mining Pool has established a long-term strategic cooperative relationship with Qiniu Cloud and Alibaba Cloud. By benchmarking and upgrading the technologies of Alibaba Cloud and Qiniu Cloud, it also uses Alibaba Cloud nodes. Shensuan mining pool can compress the proof time of 4 partions to 5-6 minutes to complete (the reasonable range in the industry is that 1 partion takes 3-5 minutes on average, and it takes nearly 20 minutes to complete 4 partions), and guarantees that the data will not be lost. Relatively speaking, it has been far ahead of the industry in terms of security.
The rationality of software, hardware, and system storage architecture exists side by side, just like the barrel effect. If there is a shortcoming, it will definitely affect the overall performance. Shensuan mining pool has strong overall planning and optimization capabilities, and the actual performance of each block has sufficient technical advantages, which is enough to form a word-of-mouth status as a technology leader in the industry.
The punishment mechanism has always been the focus of the majority of miners. The interpretation of this issue is believed to answer most users’ doubts about the Filecoin penalty mechanism. In the next issue, the editor will continue to interpret Evelan’s live broadcast, so stay tuned!
"Shensuan Dajia Talk" is an online interview program focusing on the Filecoin field hosted by Shensuan Mining Pool. It focuses on technological innovation, technological development and technology implementation in the field of blockchain Filecoin. Through dialogues with industry guests, we will discuss the real-time issues of the Filecoin market. The market and future prospects, sharing hot topics in the industry and the latest technological progress. During the collision of thoughts, the master of fortune telling will explore the mysteries of Filecoin with you.
