Ethereum completes the Fusaka upgrade, officially entering a cycle of two hard forks per year.

According to Odaily Planet Daily, Ethereum's 17th major upgrade, "Fusaka," was officially activated on the mainnet at epoch 411392 (approximately 5:50 AM Beijing time on Thursday), just seven months after the Pectra upgrade in May. This upgrade not only brings several UX and scaling improvements but also marks Ethereum's entry into an accelerated development pace of "two hard forks per year."

Consensys stated that Ethereum researchers aim for two upgrades per year going forward. Since the 2022 Merge, Ethereum has typically only had one major update per year: Shapela (2023), Dencun (2024), and Pectra (2025).

Fusaka introduced several key technical changes, including a new sampling technology called "PeerDAS" that impacts data availability and pricing. This upgrade comprises nine core EIPs and four supporting EIPs, making it one of the largest upgrades Ethereum has ever implemented, according to some statistical standards.