According to Odaily Planet Daily, Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin previously expressed the hope that more developers working on ZK and FHE would express performance in the form of ratios instead of operations per second. In response, some community users questioned how to ensure the independent operation of hardware and pointed out that the gap between C and FHE(C) can only be narrowed by using expensive dedicated FHE hardware.

In response, Vitalik Buterin said that publicly available hardware could be used, and the geometric mean of the capital expenditure dollars per operation per second and the joules per operation in the encrypted and raw computations would be a reasonable first-pass metric.