Odaily News Vitalik Buterin published an article discussing the concept of ZK-EVM and its possible implementation. The article points out that current Layer-2 EVM protocols (such as Optimistic Rollups and ZK Rollups) need to rely on the EVM verification mechanism, but this also means that they must trust a huge code base. Once a vulnerability exists in the code base, these virtual machines may be at risk of being attacked. This means that even if ZK-EVM wants to remain fully L1-equivalent, there will need to be some form of governance to replicate L1 EVM changes into their own EVM implementation. The article discusses the key components of ZK-EVM, open and closed multi-client systems, key elements of practice, and the specific characteristics of ZK-EVM.