Vitalik: The quality of the underlying proof system of the L2 network is equally important and should gradually enter the second stage as it develops.

Odaily News In response to the naming tag #BattleTested for Stage 2 of the L2 network proposed by community member Daniel Wang, Ethereum co-founder Vitalik responded on the X platform: “This is a good reminder that the second stage is not the only factor affecting security, the quality of the underlying proof system is equally important. This is a simplified mathematical model that shows when to enter the second stage:
Each Security Council member has a 10% independent chance of "breaking"; we treat activity failures (refusal to sign or inaccessible keys) and security failures (signing the wrong thing or keys being hacked) as equally likely; Goal: minimize the probability of protocol breakdown under the above assumptions.
* The Security Council is 4/7 for Phase 0 and 6/8 for Phase 1; note that these are very imperfect assumptions. In reality, the members of the Security Council have "common mode failures": they may collude, or all be coerced or hacked in the same way, etc. This makes both Phase 0 and Phase 1 less secure than the model suggests, so it is best to enter Phase 2 sooner than the model implies.
Also, note that the probability of a proving system crashing is greatly reduced by turning the proving system itself into a multisig of multiple independent systems (this is what I advocated in my previous proposal). I suspect that all Phase 2 deployments in the first few years will be like this. With that in mind, here is the chart. The X-axis is the probability of a proving system crashing. The Y-axis is the probability of a protocol crashing. As the quality of the proving system improves, the best phase moves from Phase 0 to Phase 1, and then from Phase 1 to Phase 2. Phase 2 with a Phase 0 quality proving system is the worst.
In short, @l2beat should ideally show proof system audits and maturity indicators (preferably proof system implementations rather than entire rollups so we can reuse) and phases. ”