Inventory: The Most Noteworthy Ethereum Improvement Proposals in 2021
Source | @lightclients
2021 will be the most innovative year for the Ethereum protocol since 2016. The following are the EIP situations worthy of attention this year:
The next hard fork upgrade - "Berlin" will implement 4 EIPs:
➤ EIP-2929: The gas cost for state access opcodes will increase
➤ EIP-2930: Optional Access List Txs
➤ EIP-2718: Typed Transaction Envelope
➤ EIP-2315: Simple Subroutines
EIP-2929: Increased gas cost required for state access opcodes. Gas fees for storing access opcodes have long been too low, and some malicious transactions that take only 20-80 seconds to execute can now be easily created. This EIP increases the cost of state access by a factor of about 3.
EIP-2930: Optional access lists. About 0.18% of mainnet transactions will be blocked due to EIP-2929. In order to fill this gap, this EIP introduces a new type of transaction, which can specify the storage slot to be read, and then pay an upfront fee of 10% off.
EIP-2718: Contains transaction envelopes for types. This EIP specifies a new format for transactions, starting with a "discriminator" that allows clients to interpret different transactions. EIP-2930 will use this EIP first, and then possibly EIP-1559. new format = type || payload.
EIP-2315: Simple subroutines. The last EIP included in the upgrade of the Berlin hard fork: adding support for subroutines. Contracts that want to emulate this functionality have traditionally dealt with both regular stack data and return addresses. This EIP adds a new stack just to track the returned address.
EIP-1559: Fee market changes for Eth1. Gas fee is divided into two parts: base fee (basic fee) and tip (tip). The base fee portion is burned, while the tip is sent to the miner. The basic fee will be dynamically determined by the agreement according to the demand. This avoids some fee spikes and improves the user experience when paying for gas.
EIP-1559: Fee market changes for Eth1. Gas fee is divided into two parts: base fee (basic fee) and tip (tip). The base fee portion is burned, while the tip is sent to the miner. The basic fee will be dynamically determined by the agreement according to the demand. This avoids some fee spikes and improves the user experience when paying for gas.
Details:
Details:
https://twitter.com/TimBeiko/status/1349027063903121408
(Tim) In my opinion, I don't think 1559 is ready to go live right now. Here is a summary of some thoughts I shared on dicord:
1. Not all clients have the implementation of 1559, and none of them has the final version;
2. We haven't solved the problem raised at the AllCoreDevs meeting (ie testing large blocks with large states). It will take weeks at best to achieve this.
3. 1559 will affect many other projects: any project that involves signing transactions, relies on JSON RPC responses to blocks/transactions etc. We still need to talk a lot about these effects.
4. The Berlin hard fork is about to start. It is not a good choice to drop all the work at hand and implement 1559.
EIP-2982: Phase 0 of Eth2. For the first time since EIP-1011, eth1 and eth2 are assembled in the EIP repository. This EIP is just the start of bringing governance/standardization from eth2 back into eth1. The main changes it brings are: newly issued ETH in eth2.
EIP-?: Merge. More optimistically, eth1 -> eth2 is expected to merge in 2021, and the PoW consensus will be removed. However, R&D work will increase significantly in the coming months. This EIP is expected to take place over the next 18 months.
EIP-3102: Binary tree structures. The item EIP will be moved from the current hexadecimal state tree into the binary tree structure. This will make Merkle proofs more efficient. Migration will be potentially resource-intensive, so it's best done before merging.
EIP-2937: SETINDESTRUCTIBLE opcode. This opcode will cause any subsequent SELFDESTRUCTs to act as noops in the current frame. This will help to better demonstrate the reliability of the contract. This is also the first thing to do to support account abstraction.
EIP-2938: Account abstraction. Allows the contract to be an advanced account that pays transaction fees and initiates transaction execution. This provides a flexible framework for determining the conditions for the validity of arbitrary transactions. Originally proposed in EIP-86, this EIP provides a more concrete path for mainnet rollout.
EIP-?: EVM384. Although this is not yet an official EIP, it is moving in that direction. The proposal proposes adding native 384-bit arithmetic operators (and likely other widths too) to support efficient implementation of new encryption systems in the EVM.
EVM384 (Content). With the rapid innovation of modern cryptosystems, EVM384 provides Ethereum with a framework to support these systems without requiring hard forks and precompilations for each cryptosystem. Instead, anyone can implement it as an EVM contract.
EIP-2537: BLS12-381 precompilation. Whether this proposal is needed after EVM384 is still up for debate. Although EVM384 is a better long-term solution, BLS is an advanced proposal in the Ethereum ecosystem (in view of eth2), and it is worth precompiling natively.
Bulk transactions. There are many EIPs aiming to replace meta-transactions with L1 primitives. Significant progress in this area is expected this year. Such EIPs are:
➤ EIP-2711: Sponsored, expiring and batch txs
➤ EIP-2733: Transaction Packaging
➤ EIP-2803: Expensive Transactions
➤ EIP-3074: Sponsored Tx Precompile
EIP-2464: eth/65: Transaction broadcast and retrieval. This proposal greatly reduces the bandwidth used by eth1 clients by broadcasting transaction hashes to a majority of peers, rather than broadcasting full transactions. Geth plans to start dropping support for < eth/65 sometime this year.
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Original link:https://twitter.com/lightclients/status/1349169332585074692
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