Ethereum 2020: Roadmap and Outlook
Editor's Note: This article comes fromEthereum enthusiasts (ID: ethfans)Editor's Note: This article comes from
Ethereum enthusiasts (ID: ethfans)
Ethereum enthusiasts (ID: ethfans)
, author: ethos.dev, translation: A Jian, reproduced by Odaily with authorization.
What surprises will Ethereum bring in 2020?
You may have missed a message, Vitalik Buterin tweeted a "Ethereum roadmap in my mind". So are you also curious about what the pictures he published mean, and what are the highlights of this year's Ethereum?
I hyperlinked the image he posted, just for this we can also preview the possible highlights of Ethereum in 2020.
Two Swords: Scaling Ethereum Throughput with Proof-of-Stake and Sharding
Here is Vitalik's personal Ethereum roadmap marked with a hyperlink. The choice of links is of course my own responsibility, the illustrations are still due to Vitalik.
-Translator's Note: The pictures here cannot show the hyperlinks added by the author, and are still the original pictures published by Vitalik. -
There are four blocks in this picture, from top to bottom are:
"Ethereum 1.x Miscellaneous"
"Ethereum 1.x Stateless"
A "core" around the removal of proof-of-work (PoW) from eth2 Phase 0 to eth1->2 merge
eth1 ->eth2 Phase 2 and beyond
The horizontal horizontal axis in the middle represents the order of time. On this axis is the core part, starting from Phase 0, to Phase 1, and then to the "big merger": eth1 -> eth2 merger. The grand merge relies on three premises:
Eth2 Phase 1 launch
Technical vision and realization of eth2 merger
Eth 1.x stateless
Ethereum 2.0 Phase 0
The Grand Merge is a huge leap forward in scalability for Ethereum, requiring massive engineering work to make it possible and to run it safely and securely. The above premise points out the classification of work.
The main prerequisites for the beacon chain to start are:
There's a lot to discuss about the big merger and beyond. But here we only discuss the core progress and "Ethereum 1.x miscellaneous", because they are more related to Ethereum's 2020. Let's start with Ethereum 2.0 Phase 0.
The part that will most likely go live in 2020 is the Beacon Chain.
Deploy the Eth2 margin contract on the Eth1 main chain;
At least 2, ideally 3 Eth2 client teams have released a production-ready version of the software
At least 16,384 validators have deposited deposits after the release of the deposit contract (the cumulative amount of which is at least 524,288 ETH)
secondary title
Why is it said that the beacon chain may be launched in 2020?
The Ethereum Foundation, as well as other teams (such as Artemis, Harmony, Lodestar, Nethermind, and Parity), as well as those who develop staking service providers, and even newcomers, have also contributed to this to varying degrees. There are also some audits in progress.
From an economic point of view, attracting 16,384 validators (524,288 ETH) with an annualized rate of return (APR) of more than 20% is attractive no matter what method is used (at the same time, the annualized rate of return (APR) will decreases as the number of validators increases).
image description
- Source: Validator Yield Calculator included in hyperlink above -
secondary title
How to contribute to Beacon Chain 2020?
The production version of the beacon chain client is expected to be released after multiple audits and the multi-client testnet can run stably for a period of time; multiple single-client testnets have been running stably for a period of time, although optimization and Debugging works.
Ethereum always welcomes more contributors. Areas that require contributions include: client-side peer-to-peer network building, client-side interoperability, commonly used testing tools, client-side and network security, performance, and stability.
Experts in the field of hacking, security, EVM and smart contracts, you will always need your help to audit the margin contract and evaluate the runtime verification (Runtime Verification). Although the bytecode of the margin contract has not been deployed on the main chain, you It can be a step ahead, because there is no expected change in the margin contract.
Ethereum 1.x needs help
The "Ethereum 1.x Miscellaneous" section at the top of this diagram is the part related to the current Ethereum mainnet.
This part can be divided into three projects, roughly speaking, three EIPs, which require dedicated contributors to be deployed on the mainnet in 2020.
A precompilation of BLS12-381 has been proposed by Alex Vlasov of Matter Labs for several months, and EIP2537 is also being written. EIP 2537 adds support for the BLS12-381 curve used by Eth2, making smart contracts a light client for Eth2. With a precompiled BLS12-381 curve, new smart contracts can verify data from Eth2 shards. When Eth2 Phase 1 starts, fragmentation will be introduced to improve the data availability of the Rollup scheme on Eth1. The Rpllup solution is actually a smart contract, most of its calculations and storage are placed off-chain, but some data will be sent to the chain for emergencies. If the data availability is not even, the throughput of the Rollup can become larger. With the work of Alex Vlasov, precompilations of BLS12-381 will most likely be introduced in 2020 (maybe even earlier than the Beacon Chain).https://gitter.im/ethereum/AllCoreDevsEIP-1559 may bring some benefits to users, because users will be able to ignore the Gas fee setting when sending transactions, and Warriors can guarantee that they will not pay excessive fees and will not wait for unreasonable delays. The EIP wrote: "It is expected that most users will no longer need to manually set the gas fee, even if the transaction activity in the network is very frequent." In addition, the EIP also includes the setting of the burning fee, which is conducive to hedging the deflation of ETH , but without significantly cutting miners’ earnings. There has been some work done on this EIP since it was proposed a year ago, however, no one has come forward to lead it now.
Account abstraction is to allow users to create accounts with arbitrary authorization logic (Translator's Note: The creation of accounts can be separated from the shackles of the Ethereum protocol itself). The additional flexibility can be far-reaching, here is an example: a multi-signature smart contract wallet can use its own funds to pay the gas fee for its transactions. As long as you have a wallet with funds in it, you don't need another account holding ETH to interact with the wallet and pay for Gas. The mention of account abstraction dates back to 2015, but a proposal a month ago made account abstraction possible in 2020.
If you want to learn more or contribute, please get involved
(This is a chat room between core developers).
"Ethereum 1.x statelessness" also needs support, but it's a big topic, you can check out this proposed roadmap for "stateless ethereum" and the "Ethereum Foundation Blog" 1.x Files" series.
Hats off to the Geth team
Last week, the Geth team released version 164 on Github. We should not forget that the Geth team is always adding features, improvements and optimizations to the Ethereum Geth client. It's easy for people to take their work for granted and forget about the effort they put in. Let's pay tribute (in alphabetical order only) to Guillaume Ballet, Zsolt Felföldi, Felix Lange, Gary Rong, Adam Schmideg, Martin Holst Swende and Péter Szilágyi!
A few months ago, Péter was a guest at a developer roundtable hosted by ConsenSys. He shared some thoughts on Eth2, statelessness, contributor incentives, and people he admires (at 49 minutes of the hyperlinked video). Thank you for the reminder, Péter, and thank you and your team for the important work.
From the current perspective, the rough order of possible developments on Ethereum is as follows:
To thank them, learn from them, or contribute to Geth, please join the Go Ethereum Discord channel.
Ethereum 2020 and beyond
From the current perspective, the rough order of possible developments on Ethereum is as follows:
Eth2 Phase 1
Beacon chain (Eth2 Phase 0) launched in 2020
eth1 ->LS12-381 curve precompilation will be launched in 2020 (maybe this is the first one)
If someone pushes account abstraction and EIP 1559, they will probably launch in 2020
Eth 1.x stateless
eth2 big merger
