Overview Ethereum account abstraction
Editor's Note: This article is from:Ethereum enthusiasts (ID: ethfans)Ethereum enthusiasts (ID: ethfans)
Ethereum enthusiasts (ID: ethfans)
, author: ETH Gas Station, translation & proofreading: Min Min & A Jian, reprinted by Odaily with authorization.
first level title
What is account abstraction?
Currently, there are two types of accounts on Ethereum: externally-owned accounts and contract accounts. The former is controlled by private keys, while the latter is controlled by EVM code stored within smart contract accounts (sometimes called smart wallets). Account abstraction attempts to merge the two types of accounts into one, that is, to make external accounts behave like contract accounts.
Why is account abstraction so important to Ethereum?
Account abstraction allows more general-purpose wallets to perform complex logic. It moves functions such as signature verification, gas payment, and replay protection from the core protocol to the Ethereum virtual machine.
Let's take an example to see how abstraction works.
Say you want all your tokens to go to a new wallet, and you accidentally send all your ether to this new wallet. Now, without ether, you can't send any transactions, and you can't transfer the remaining tokens to the new wallet.
Normally, you just need to spend a little time and Gas to send some ether back to the previous address. But in some cases, it is not so easy to recover from this mistake. Tokens in a wallet cannot be transferred out until you send ether from another wallet. We've all probably been in this situation, and it goes without saying how inconvenient it is.
Account abstraction allows you to pay for gas with remaining tokens, like some smart contract wallets.
Many networks and applications built on Ethereum rely on relayers to post user transactions on the blockchain and pay relayers a fee. However, with more complex wallets and contracts, we might not need to use relayers. Take Tornado Cash as an example (this is an application that protects user privacy by acting as a transfer station for user fund flow and obfuscating fund flow), if users who need to mix coins can use abstracted accounts, then TA can use such as PAYGAS opcode To pay the withdrawal fee, this does not require a relayer to help with withdrawals (Translator's Note: The use of a relayer to help with withdrawals is intended to reduce the association between withdrawal addresses and other users, and also to protect privacy). If the Ethereum network can act as your relayer, you don't need to rely on another relayer, and you don't need to pay a certain percentage of the gas fee.
state channel
Optimistic rollup
Abstraction also facilitates the implementation of the following technical solutions:
etc.
state channel
Layer 2 privacy schemes such as AZTEC protocol
etc.
In short, developers in the Ethereum community can use smarter Ethereum accounts to create more complex processes and provide a smoother user experience.
How long will it take to achieve abstraction?
